Alhamdulilahi and may blessings and peace be upon prophet Muhammad and his family and companions.
Al Qur’an is the primary source of morals, and the verses that include the call to good morals and forbidding their faults are many, Including the words of Almighty Allah Allah said:-
إِنَّ اللّهَ يَأْمُرُ بِالْعَدْلِ وَالإِحْسَانِ وَإِيتَاء ذِي الْقُرْبَى وَيَنْهَى عَنِ الْفَحْشَاء وَالْمُنكَرِ وَالْبَغْيِ يَعِظُكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَذَكَّرُونَ [النحل: ٩٠].
Meaning:- Indeed, Allah commands justice, grace, as well as courtesy to close relatives. He forbids indecency, wickedness, and aggression. He instructs you so perhaps you will be mindful. [An- nahl 90]
He Also said:-
قُلْ إِنَّمَا حَرَّمَ رَبِّيَ الْفَوَاحِشَ مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا وَمَا بَطَنَ وَالإِثْمَ وَالْبَغْيَ بِغَيْرِ الْحَقِّ وَأَن تُشْرِكُواْ بِاللّهِ مَا لَمْ يُنَزِّلْ بِهِ سُلْطَانًا وَأَن تَقُولُواْ عَلَى اللّهِ مَا لاَ تَعْلَمُونَ [الأعراف: 33
Meaning:- Say, “My Lord "Allah" has only forbidden open and secret indecencies, sinfulness, unjust aggression, associating ˹others˺ with Allah ˹in worship˺ a practice He has never authorized and attributing to Allah what you do not know.[ Al Ahraf 33]
The Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him who is the most perfect of mankind in the words of Almighty Allah on him.
Almighty Allah said :-
وَإِنَّكَ لَعَلى خُلُقٍ عَظِيم. (.القلم ٤ )
And you"Muhammad" have a great character (Surah Al qalam 4)
Aisha, "the wife of our beloved prophet Muhammad"may Allah be pleased with her, described it on the authority of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, saying:-
( خلق الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم القرآن)
Meaning:- The moral of the Messenger, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, was the Qur’an.
Ethics are the title of the people. Islam have urged a Muslim,and it's a means of treatment among people. Morals plays a major role in changing the current bad habits to good habits.
This is why the prophet Muhammad peace be upon him.
He said:-
إنما بعثت لأتمم مكارم الأخلاق.
I am sent to complete the honorable morals.
*With these words the "Muhammad" may Allah bless and grant him peace identified The purpose of his mission is that he wants to fulfill the generosity of morals in the souls of this ummah and the people as a whole, and he wants humanity to deal with the law of good creation, which is not above the law. and he spread intimacy and love among everyone in community, which is the path to success in this world and the hereafter.The basis of religion is moral. If we consider this, we find that the crisis is a moral crisis.
Ethics is a language that is characteristic, character and religion, and it is the image of the human being's interior, while creation is what appears from the person, as for the terminology it is the fixed body in the soul from which actions come out spontaneously, and spontaneity in action, i.e. action without thinking, planning or narration, these actions emerging from ethics consists of involuntary actions that come out of the human being, as for ethicnism is artificiality and it does not last for long, but appears through actions.
One of companion ask prophet Muhammad may bless and peace be upon him, meaning of Righteousness and iniquity،he said:-
البِرُّ حُسْن الخُلُق، والإثم ما حاك في صدرك، وكَرهتَ أن يطَّلِع عليه الناس
Meaning:- Righteousness is good manners, and iniquity is what weaves in your heart, and you hate people to see
This indicates that good manners are inclusive of all kinds of good and the characteristics of righteousness. And also one of companion "Abu darda said I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, say: -
(ما من شيء يُوضَع في الميزان أثقل من حُسْن الخلق، وإن صاحب حُسْن الخُلُق لَيَبلُغُ به درجة صاحب الصوم والصلاة)
Meaning:- (Nothing placed in the balance is heavier than good manners, and a person of good manners would attain the degree of the one who fasts and prayers)
Means: The believers differ in their faith, but the best believers in their faith are the best of morals.
The Prophet, may Allah’s prayers and peace be upon him, used to pray to his Lord Almighty Allah to improve his good character and he is of good manner and to guide him to the best of them.
And our Almighty Allah urged Muslim to follow and be guided by the guidance of the Noble Prophet.
Almighty said :-
﴿ لقد كَانَ لَكُمْ في رَسُولِ اللَّهِ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ لِمَنْ كَانَ يَرْجُو اللَّهَ وَالْيَوْمَ الْآخِرَ وَذَكَرَ اللَّهَ كَثِيرًا ﴾ [الأحزاب: 21]
Meaning:- Indeed, in the Messenger of Allah you have an excellent example for whoever has hope in Allah and the Last Day, and remembers Allah often.
Indeed, he may Allah prayers and peace be upon him, used to say in his supplication: (Oh Allah, improved my morals, and better my morals)
Almighty Allah said :-
فَبِمَا رَحْمَةٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ لِنْتَ لَهُمْ وَلَوْ كُنْتَ فَظًّا غَلِيظَ الْقَلْبِ لَانْفَضُّوا مِنْ حَوْلِكَ.[العمران ١٥٩]
It is out of Allah’s mercy that you
"O Prophet Muhammad" have been lenient with them. Had you been cruel or hard-hearted, they would have certainly run away from you.
Dawah on morality and moral conduct constitute a major part Islamic literature. Al Qur'an and Hadith the central religious texts of Islam serve as the primary source for these dawah "lecturing"Both the Quran and the hadith often instruct Muslims to adopt a morally upright character.Showing kindness
to people and Charity to the poor and the helpless are the most emphasized moral virtues in the Quran. In particular, helping people in their time of need, Forgiving others offenses, respecting parents and elders, fulfilling promises, being kind to people and to animals, being patient in adversity, maintaining Justice, being honest, and controlling one's anger appear as major virtues in the Islamic concept of morality.
(1) The prophet Muhammad may Allah bless and grant him peace used to say :
اللهم اهدني لأحسن الأخلاق لا يهدني لأحسنها إلا أنت، واصرف عني سيئها لا يصرف عني سيئها إلا أنت.
Meaning:- Allah, guide me to the best of morals, no one can guide me to the best of it except you, and distract me from bad morals no one can distract me from bad morals except you .
That is, ask his Lord "Allah" to help Him in the honor of morals and the merits of deeds. This is the first and greatest of the causes.
(2) Caring and striving for the soul, there is a need to strive for a soul, and patience.
(3) Seeking knowledge and insight, knowledge of decent manners and knowledge of bad manners and reprehensible manners in order to become accustomed to decent morals and to move away from reprehensible morals
(4) Justice: understandable and its effect on behavior and morals.